Operation:Ground Game "Learning to serve and giving our service!"

google

Google/ AOL Search Engine (Link below)

http://aolsearch.aol.com/aol/webhome

BREAKING NEWS

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/ msnbc

Sports

http://espn.go.com/ espn

Charlotte, NC 28215
groundergamer1@yahoo.com

Historic Attractions/Museums

Charlotte Hawkins Brown Museum
Memorial honors Charlotte Hawkins Brown who founded the Palmer Institute, a boarding school for "colored" students, in 1902. Visitors to the campus can explore the unique environment where students lived and learned during the greater part of 20th century.
http://www.nchistoricsites.org/chb/chb.htm
Historic Stagville
The remains of the state's largest plantation, owned by the Bennehan-Cameron family. On-site is the 18th century Benehan House, four slave houses and a timber framed barn built by skilled slave craftsmen.
http://www.stagville.org/
Somerset Place
One of the south's largest antebellum plantations which housed 850 enslaved people. Today the site offers a realistic view of the lifestyles of all of the residents on a large North Carolina plantation in the 19th century.
http://www.nchistoricsites.org/somerset/somerset.htm
International Civil Rights Center and Museum
Opening in February, 2010, the museum is an archival center, collecting museum and teaching facility devoted to the international struggle for civil and human rights. The museum celebrates the nonviolent protest of the 1960 Greensboro sit-ins, which served as a catalyst in the civil rights movement.
http://www.sitinmovement.org/home.asp
Hayti Heritage Center
Founded in 1975, cultural and educational institution in historic Hayti community of Durham that offers diverse programs that examines the experiences of Americans of African descent locally, nationally and globally. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
http://www.hayti.org
Oliver Nestus Freeman Roundhouse Museum
Oliver Nestus Freeman, a black stone mason built this circular home in 1946, which today houses a museum of artifacts that documents the contributions of African Americans in the city of Wilson.
http://ncarchitects.lib.ncsu.edu/people/P000382
Pea Island Cookhouse
Museum serves as a tribute to the African-American men who served at the Pea Island Lifesaving Station from 1880-1947, the first life-saving station to be manned by African Americans.
http://www.ecpfc.org
Pope House Museum
Built in 1901 the Pope House represents life for a prominent black family in the early 20th century. The house contains a large collection of original furnishings, artifacts and documents which date back to 1851.
http://www.thepopehousemuseum.org/
African-American Cultural Complex
Museum contains a unique collection of artifacts, documents and displays of contributions made by African Americans in North Carolina and America.
http://www.aaccmuseum.org
Montford Point Marine Museum
African-American men who were called to serve as marines during WWII, received their basic training at segregated Montford Point Camp at Camp Lejuene. This museum, which contains photos, artifacts, diaries and other documents, was established to preserve their legacy.
http://www.montfordpointmarines.com/MPMA MUSEUM.html
Historic Jarvisburg Colored School
Founded as a church-funded school for educating newly freed black children. The restored school building houses a museum and is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
http://www.historicjarvisburgcoloredschool.com/
Cultural Heritage Museum
Museum provides the cultural heritage experience of African-American history from eastern North Carolina. Houses the largest collection of memorabilia and artifacts about African-American participation during the Civil War.
http://www.culturalheritagemuseum.org/
Cabarrus County Museum of Fine Art and African-American History
Multi-cultured museum features art collections from African Americans, Hispanics and Native Americans.
http://www.cabarruscountymuseum.org
Harvey B. Gantt Center for African-American Arts + Culture
Cultural institution which celebrates the contributions of Africans and African Americans to American culture and serves as a community epicenter for music, dance, theater, visual art, film arts education programs, literature and community outreach.
http://www.aacc-charlotte.org
North Carolina A&T University, Mattye Reed African Heritage Center Gallery
Gallery on campus of North Carolina A&T University which contains two collections: Mattye Reed African Heritage dedicated to ancestral and contemporary arts of Africa and the Caribbean and Henry Taylor collection which centers around the work of African-American artists.
http://www.ncat.edu/~museum/index.html
North Carolina Central University, Art Museum
Museum features works of various African-American artists from both 19th and 20th centuries as well as a selection of objects from Africa.
http://web.nccu.edu/artmuseum/
Winston Salem-State University, Diggs Museum of Art and History
Gallery offers one of the largest exhibition spaces dedicated to the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora in North Carolina.
http://www.wssu.edu/

DID YOU KNOW?

Edenton, NC, provided slaves a means of escape with the Maritime Underground Railroad before Emancipation. Edenton was also the home of the escaped slave, abolitionist and writer Harriet Jacobs (1813-1897), who hid there for seven years before fleeing to freedom.

READ THIS

Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by Harriet Jacobs, originally published in 1861.

One of the first personal narratives by a slave and one of the few written by a woman.

OUR STORY

Galleries

The following link gives you access to 100's of sites and thousands of historical pictures depicting the rich history of a people destined for greatness through struggle and redemption

Click Below

http://negroartist.com/GALLERIES.htm

Black Biographies

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/history/us/aframer/bios/

Greensboro Sit-Ins

http://www.sitins.com/index.shtml

African American Historical

Galleries and Links:

LYNCHING IN AMERICA

http://withoutsanctuary.org/main.html

Operation: Ground Game's Top 10

Lists of Black History Websites

Top 10 Black History Websites

“I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past.”
- Thomas Jefferson, letter to John Adams Aug. 1, 1816

“Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.”
- George Santayana, The Life of Reason, 1905-06

Although Black History Month is an appropriate time period to examine African-American History, it is so much a part of the story of America that we should continue to educate ourselves every day of the year. The following websites are a selection of the best resources available on the web today covering this subject.

Resource Guides

1. African American Odyssey
Part 1 of this unique look at The Civil Rights Era touches on Desegregation, The Psychological Effects of Racism, The Brown Decision, Daisy Bates and The Little Rock Nine, The Montgomery Bus Boycott, as well as Civil Rights in the Arena and on the Stage. Part 2 discusses Sit-ins, Freedom Rides, Demonstrations, and The Voting Rights Act of 1965. From this page you can also access several exhibitions including Slavery, Free Blacks, Abolition, Civil War, Reconstruction, The Booker T. Washington Era, WWI-Post War and The Depression-WWII.

Resource Guides

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/

Source: Libary of Congress

2. The Martin Luther King, Jr. Papers Project
This wonderful resource not only includes a King Biography, Encyclopedia, Interactive Timeline, Major Events Chronology from 1929-1968, and the Freedom Struggle Chronology from 1896-1968, but you’ll also encounter an entire section filled with published documents. Delve into King’s Publications, Speeches, Sermons, Autobiography, and Papers. Explore selected quotes and popular research requests, information about this special project, and lesson plans with resources for classroom study.

http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/resources/article/martin_luther_king_jr_biography/

Source: Stanford University

3. The Encyclopedia Britannica Guide to Black History
This comprehensive website features Eras in Black History, an examination of five centuries of black heritage from the slave revolts to the Civil Rights Movement. You’ll find biographies and photographs of notable people throughout, as well as descriptions and documents of historic events. Also, explore the Timeline of Achievments, which gives light to yearly contributions of African-Americans in various aspects of life including the arts and politics. Film clips, audio recordings, a bibliography section, and a study guide for students further enhances this critically acclaimed website.

http://search.eb.com/blackhistory/

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.

4. Resources - Black History
This incredible collection of activities and information was created by Gale to complement classroom topics. Teachers and students will be able to read bioraphies of significant African-American individuals, take a Black History Month quiz, follow a timeline of events that helped shape African-American heritage, and explore activities taken from the Black History Resource Book. The Featured Titles list is an excellent way to find the best suggestions for further reading on this topic.

http://www.gale.cengage.com/free_resources/bhm/timeline/

5. The Underground Railroad
An interactive look at the trials and tribulations experienced by slaves on their road to freedom, this site is modeled after the ‘choose your own adventure’ idea. There’s also a special section for younger kids, a timeline, classroom ideas, resources, and links. The Faces of Freedom section explores the biographies of the people brave enough to stand up against slavery and help others to freedom.
URL: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/railroad/j1.html

Source: National Geographic

6. Africans in America
Learn about America’s journey through slavery in four parts: The Terrible Transformation 1450-1750, Revolution 1750-1805, Brotherly Love 1791-1831, and Judgement Day 1831-1865. Each section has a historical Narrative, Resource Bank, and Teacher’s Guide. Click on the Youth Activity Guide to learn more about how to utilize this interactive website.
URL: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/home.html
Source: WGBH Educational Foundation

7. Celebrate Black History Month
Click on any of the names on this list spanning several decades to learn about great African-Americans. The list includes Hank Aaron, Louis Armstrong, Hurricane Carter, Nat King Cole, Dorothy Dandridge, Whoopi Goldberg, Jimi Hendrix, and many, many more.

http://www.history.com/minisites/blackhistory/

Source: The History Channel - A & E Television Network

8.The African-American Mosaic
This is a visual resource guide for the study of Black History & Culture presented by the Library of Congress. Click on “Colonization” and you’ll find rare documents and maps pertaining to this subject. There are also separate sections on Abolition, Migration, and the WPA

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/intro.html

Source: Library of Congress

Web Quests

9. Little Rock 9, Integration 0?
Explore in-depth the stories of nine African-American students who, chose to attend an all-white high school in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957. Although they had the power of the justice system by way of the U.S. Supreme Court on their side, they had to first get past the armed soldiers blocking the entrance.

http://www.centralhigh57.org/The_Little_Rock_Nine.html

Source: SBC Knowledge Network Explorer

10. Tuskegee Tragedy

The Tuskegee experiments are widely considered to be a low point in American scientific research.

These experiments, in which the effects of syphilis were studied on a population of poor black men in the rural South, remain a major reference point in the history of medical ethics and forcing us to ask the question “how can we conduct medical research ethically?”

The Experiment

In 1932, a group of researchers with the United States Public Health Service (USPHS), in cooperation with the historically black Tuskegee University began a program to research syphilis. At the time, the principal treatment for syphilis was a mercury-bismuth regimen that only had a 30% cure rate and was accompanied by terrible side effects. To recruit for the study, a total of 600 men were told they would receive free medical treatment, meals, regular physicals, and burial insurance. Of these 399 had previously been infected with syphilis, and 201 hadn’t. Unbeknownst to the men in the survey, the researchers were not planning to cure them.

The first research papers written about the Tuskegee experiments came out in 1934, and by 1936, major papers were being published. These came under scrutiny of the medical community, but were lauded as excellent research into the long-term effects of syphilis. By the mid-1940s, antibiotics were an inexpensive, simple, widely available treatment, but studies continued without a treatment program. Intriguingly, at the same time, the USPHS in adjacent regions was promoting antibiotics for syphilis treatment and doing their best to make it widely available.

In 1966, a USPHS researcher in San Francisco named Peter Buxtun began inquiring into the ethics of the Tuskegee experiments. In 1968, William Carter Jenkins, a USPHS statistician, asked for an end to Tuskegee as part of a larger effort to end discrimination in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. In 1972, after six years of efforts to reform the USPHS from within, Buxtun leaked information about Tuskegee to the Washington Star. It was picked up by the New York Times the next day, and quickly became a topic of national import.

Consequences

After the news broke, the Tuskegee experiments quickly ended. The experiments came under congressional scrutiny in 1973, and a class-action lawsuit was filed on behalf of Tuskegee test subjects and their families. In 1974, the suit was settled out of court and lifetime medical benefits were given to former Tuskegee subjects. The next year, wives, widows, and children of subjects were also given benefits. In 1997, President Bill Clinton delivered a public apology for the experiments, and established a center for bioethics at Tuskegee University.

However, for many, it was too late. Of the 399 syphilitic men who participated, 128 died of syphilis or related complications. Forty women married to Tuskegee test subjects were infected, and nineteen children were born with congenital syphilis.

On a broader scale, the social damage was already done. In the immediate post-Civil Rights era, marginalized black communities in the American South were beginning to emerge from decades of oppression. This led to widespread distrust of the government health institution. For decades afterwards, African-Americans remained reluctant to take part in organ donation programs, and the belief that the government introduced HIV as a form of ethnic cleansing remains a popular belief.

Ethical Issues

Numerous issues make this a particularly poorly carried out experiment from a bioethical perspective. Furthermore, there are larger-scale social issues at play.

The men who participated in the experiment were systematically lied to. All received no treatment when they were all told that they were receiving treatment. It’s standard practice for some individuals in placebo-controlled studies to receive a placebo instead of a medicine. This has in the past been controversial, and to remedy this, doctors now tell test subjects that they will either receive a treatment or a placebo. This lie was compounded by the fact that at no point were the men aware that they were being treated for syphilis, or that they had syphilis. Most were told they had “bad blood,” a folk term encompassing a wide variety of illnesses.

It should be noted that there was an awareness of the Tuskegee experiments in the medical community. As mentioned earlier, researchers at Tuskegee published their results as early as 1934. While there was some concern in some quarters about whether or not subjects were being treated, the prevailing positivist attitude in the medical community at the time valued the necessity of research over the rights of the subject.

Besides these specifically bioethical issues, we should consider who the individual subjects were. The demographic tested– poor, rural, Southern, black– was perhaps the most maltreated and oppressed sections of American society. Living conditions for African-Americans in Alabama in the ’30s were only marginally better than in the slave era. This poverty made them highly prone to manipulation, and the founders of the Tuskegee study preyed on their poverty by offering them meals and free medical treatment in exchange for their participation. To build trust between the medical institution and the subjects, a rotating team of black doctors and nurses administered the tests, manipulating the trust of the subjects’ in their fellow African-Americans at the height of the Civil Rights period.

Further Reading

The Centers for Disease Control maintains a page devoted to the USPHS’ experiments.
THE CDC also provides information about syphilis, a disease that, while mostly a thing of the past in the U.S., is making a comeback.
A review of the literature on the Tuskegee study from a student at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
The Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues is the preeminent U.S. government research organization dedicated to the study of bioethics.
The medical files of the Tuskegee subjects are in the public domain, and can be found here.
Some argue that Tuskegee was part of a wider pattern. This interview on NPR discusses Harriet Washington’s book Medical Apartheid.
Georgetown University hosts the Bioethics Research Library, a starting point for research in the field.

IMAGE: Subjects of the Tuskegee experiments at Davisville, Alabama (Source: The National Archives)

A NEW NARRATIVE

Here is how author Charles Johnson, the S. Wilson and Grace M. Pollock Professor for Excellence in English at the University of Washington, Seattle, characterizes the current black American narrative:

It is a very old narrative, one we all know quite well, and it is a tool we use, consciously or unconsciously, to interpret or to make sense of everything that has happened to black people in this country since the arrival of the first 20 Africans at the Jamestown colony in 1619. A good story always has a meaning (and sometimes layers of meaning); it also has an epistemological mission: namely, to show us something. It is an effort to make the best sense we can of the human experience, and I believe that we base our lives, actions, and judgments as often on the stories we tell ourselves about ourselves (even when they are less than empirically sound or verifiable) as we do on the severe rigor of reason. This unique black American narrative, which emphasizes the experience of victimization, is quietly in the background of every conversation we have about black people, even when it is not fully articulated or expressed. It is our starting point, our agreed-upon premise, our most important presupposition for dialogues about black America.

Johnson begins his argument by analyzing just what a story is, asking:

How do we shape one?
How many different forms can it take?
What do stories tell us about our world?
What details are necessary, and which ones are unimportant for telling it well?
Does the story work, technically?
And, if so, then, what does it say?

These are the questions he tells his students they must ask of a story, adding that a story must offer “a conflict that is clearly presented, one that we care about, a dilemma or disequilibrium for the protagonist that we, as readers, emotionally identify with.”

Does the black American story meet the criteria? Yes, Johnson says, it “beautifully embodies all these narrative virtues.”

Johnson builds his argument by summarizing the horrors of slavery and subsequent oppression. He calls the Civil Rights Movement “the most important and transformative domestic event in American history” after the Civil War. In sum, “The conflict of this story is first slavery, then segregation and legal disenfranchisement. The meaning of the story is group victimization, and every black person is the story’s protagonist.”

Johnson invokes the words of W.E.B. DuBois and the success of today’s prominent African-Americans (such as Obama and Oprah) to “challenge, culturally and politically, an old group narrative that fails at the beginning of this new century to capture even a fraction of our rich diversity and heterogeneity.” He critiques Louis Farrakhan and discusses a scholarly debacle in which a 19th Century black woman writer turned out to be white, “a cautionary tale for scholars and an example of how our theories, our explanatory models, and the stories we tell ourselves can blind us to the obvious, leading us to see in matters of race only what we want to see based on our desires and political agendas.”

I am vastly oversimplifying here and drastically summarizing when I’m longing to paste the whole article into this space. Bottom line: It’s an important article not only for what it says about Black Americans but for what its says about story and narrative.

And what narrative should replace the existing one? Johnson writes:

In the 21st century, we need new and better stories, new concepts, and new vocabularies and grammar based not on the past but on the dangerous, exciting, and unexplored present, with the understanding that each is, at best, a provisional reading of reality, a single phenomenological profile that one day is likely to be revised, if not completely overturned. These will be narratives that do not claim to be absolute truth, but instead more humbly present themselves as a very tentative thesis that must be tested every day in the depths of our own experience and by all the reliable evidence we have available, as limited as that might be. … These will be narratives of individuals, not groups. And is this not exactly what Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of when he hoped a day would come when men and women were judged not by the color of their skin, but instead by their individual deeds and actions, and the content of their character?

Sonya Haynes Stone Center For Black Culture and History


Stone Center Guide to the Web - Archives (35 items)


African Activist Archive The African Activist Archive "seeks to preserve for history the record of activities of U.S. organizations and individuals that supported African struggles for freedom and had a significant collective impact on U.S. policy during the period 1950-1994." The site includes a directory of the archives, a series of historical remembrances detailing activist projects, and an extensive list of links to related sites. (Source: African Studies Center, Michigan State University)
African American Genealogy at the National Archives This site contains a variety of information regarding genealogical research of African American ancestry available at the National Archives. Features of the site include pre- and post-Civil War research tips, military personnel tools, and links to numerous sites that specialize in African American genealogical research. (Source: National Archives)
African American Resources - Maryland State Archives This site provides a detailed guide to African American primary historical resources at the Maryland State Archives. Included is information on African American newspapers, church records, census information, and much more. Also included are selected online manuscript collections with accompanying teacher’s guides. (Source: Maryland State Archives)
African-American History and Culture (Library of Congress Manuscripts: An Illustrated Guide) This site features information about the African American materials in the Library of Congress' Manuscripts Division. (Source: Library of Congress)
Afro-American Sources in Virginia: A Guide to Manuscripts This is the online and updated version of Michael Plunkett's book, Afro-American Sources in Virginia: A Guide to Manuscripts. This is a searchable database of the holdings of academic and public libraries, historical societies, and museums in Virginia. The holdings can be searched by keyword, subject, name, historical period or geographic location. (Source: University Press of Virginia)
Amistad Research Center The Amistad Research Center, located at Tulane University in New Orleans, is an independent archive specializing in the history of African Americans and other ethnic groups. The Center has art, photograph, and manuscript collections. (Source: Amistad Research Center)
Archives of African American Music and Culture This site contains information about the history of African American music and musicians and their influence on American culture. The site features information about collaborative projects as well as publications and special collections. (Source: Archives of African American Music and Culture, Indiana University)
Black Abolitionists Archive This site contains a searchable database of historical speeches made by Black abolitionists. The database is searchable by people, organization, subject, keyword, newspaper titles, and date. (Source: University of Detroit Mercy)
Black Archives of Mid-America The Black Archives of Mid-America documents "the African American experience in the four-state area of Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, and Oklahoma." The collection includes "diaries and personal documents, local written histories, African American newspapers, and records from churches, clubs, societies, and businesses." The repository also has an extensive photograph collection. (Source: Black Archives of Mid-America, Inc. and Kansas City Public Library.)
Black Family Research: Using the Records of Post-Civil War Federal Agencies at the National Archives This site contains information on using historical records available at the National Archives for genealogical research into Black families. The site features descriptions of each type of document available and how best to use each resource to find genealogical information. (Source: National Archives)
Black Metropolis Research Consortium The Chicago-based Black Metropolis Research Consortium brings together libraries, universities, and archives with strengths in African American and African Diaspora culture, history, and politics, relating to Chicago. Links to other archival resources are included. (Source: The Black Metropolis Research Consortium)
Blues Archive, The The Blues Archive is a repository of blues related materials, including sound recordings, photographs, videos, books, manuscripts, ephemera, and more. (Source: University of Mississippi Libraries)
Booker T. Washington Papers Booker T. Washington was a noted author and educator who founded the Tuskegee Institute. Washington’s writings were published by the University of Illinois Press and are now available online. The site also supplies access to numerous research journals. (Source: University of Illinois Press and The History Cooperative)
Caribbean Writers Summer Institute Archival Video Collection An archive of video footage from the Caribbean Writers’ Summer Institute, 1991-96. Videos include readings of poetry and fiction by Caribbean authors and discussions about Caribbean writers and their work. The video archive may be searched or browsed by participant or subject. (Source: University of Miami)
Chicago Jazz Archive Part of the University of Chicago Library, the Chicago Jazz Archive web site contains information about jazz music, especially in the Chicago area. The site features a guide for research on jazz as well as links to related sites. (Source: Joseph Regenstein Library, The University of Chicago)
Civil Rights in Mississippi Digital Archive Maintained by the University of Southern Mississippi's Special Collections Digital Program, this site contains a searchable database of digitized resources regarding race and civil rights in Mississippi, including oral histories, manuscripts, and photographs. (Source: USM Libraries, Special Collections Digital Program, University of Southern Mississippi)
Digital Archaeological Archive of Comparative Slavery The Digital Archaeological Archive of Comparative Slavery aims “to help scholars from different disciplines use archaeological evidence to advance our historical understanding of the slave-based society that evolved in the Atlantic World during the colonial and ante-bellum periods.” The site features a searchable database, divided by both subject and site, detailed information about each included site, and a list of bibliographic references. (Source: Thomas Jefferson Foundation)
Documenting the American South Created by the University Library of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Documenting the American South is a digital collection of full-text writings about Southern history, literature, and culture. Included in the database are slave narratives, texts related to the Southern Black church community, and much more. (Source: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries)
Emory University’s Guide to African American History and Culture This guide contains a list of collections (along with brief descriptions) available at Emory University’s Manuscript, Archive and Rare Book Library. “Emory collects African American-published books, pamphlets, periodicals, sheet music, broadsides, and printed ephemera in all fields.” The Manuscript, Archive and Rare Book Library is also home to the Camille Billops and James V. Hatch Archives. (Source: Emory University)
Fayetteville State University: Archives and Special Collections of the Charles W. Chesnutt Library The Fayetteville State University Archives and Special Collections includes manuscripts, personal papers, photographs and other materials of historical value. The website includes links to digitized collections, a history of Fayetteville State University, and a bibliography relating to the university’s history. (Source: Fayetteville State University)
FBI Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Reading Room Through the Freedom of Information Act files on particular persons and organizations were released to the public and are available in the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Reading Room located at FBI Headquarters. Many of the files are accessible online. In some cases, only an abstract is available online. (Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation)
FL--Black Archives, History and Research Foundation of South Florida, The The Black Archives Collection of South Florida was created “to ensure that manuscripts, letters, photographs, articles and other materials documenting South Florida's Black community were preserved.” The website features information for researchers, a history of the Lyric Theater, events, visitor information, and links to other resources. (Source: The Black Archives, History and Research Foundation of South Florida, Inc.)
Frederick Douglass Papers Part of the American Memory Collection at the Library of Congress, this site is a searchable database of primary source material about Frederick Douglass. “The papers span the years 1841 to 1964, with the bulk of the material from 1862 to 1895. The collection consists of correspondence, speeches and articles by Douglass and his contemporaries, a draft of his autobiography, financial and legal papers, scrapbooks, and miscellaneous items. These papers reveal Douglass' interest in diverse subjects such as politics, emancipation, racial prejudice, women's suffrage, and prison reform. Included is correspondence with many prominent civil rights reformers of his day…” (Source: The Library of Congress)
Guide to African American Manuscripts in the Collection of the Virginia Historical Society This site serves as an online guide to the African American materials in the manuscripts collection of the Virginia Historical Society. The guide includes background historical information, a searchable database, and full downloads of text versions of the guide. (Source: Virginia Historical Society)
Guide to African-American Documentary Resources in North Carolina This site is a guide to African-American documentary resources in North Carolina libraries. The site can be searched by keyword, subject, name, historical period or geographic location. (Source: University Press of Virginia)
Guide to Library and Archival Collections of African Americans in Medicine and Biomedical Research This site provides a guide for researchers interested in collections on African American medical history. Provided on the site is information on the collection holdings of several libraries, archives, and museums. (Source: National Library of Medicine)
Guide to the Papers of African American Artists This site provides an online guide to materials on African American artists in the Smithsonian Archives of American Art. The collection includes “the personal papers of more than seventy African American painters, sculptors, and printmakers from the late 19th century to the present.” The site features keyword searching, detailed collection information, and digital scans of documents and photographs. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Art)
Johnson C. Smith University Inez Moore Parker Archives and Research Center This site contains information about the Inez Moore Parker Archives and Research Center. The site features a list of prominent archival collections and holdings relevant to African American history and culture. (Source: Johnson C. Smith University)
Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers Project, The Based at at UCLA, this site provides text and sample documents from each volume of the Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers. The site features a biography of Garvey along with a photo gallery and sound library. (Source: James S. Coleman African Studies Center, UCLA)
Martin Luther King, Jr. Papers Project, The Based at Stanford University, this site contains various sources, including primary and secondary materials, about Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (Source: Stanford University)
Papers of African American Artists, The Part of the Archives of American Art housed at the Smithsonian Institution, this site contains the personal papers of prominent African American artists, including Romare Bearden, William H. Johnson, and Alma Thomas, among others. There are additional links available for further research into the holdings of artists’ papers at the Smithsonian. (Source: Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution)
Portal for African American Pamphlets “The Manuscript, Archives and Rare Book Library at Emory University houses several thousand 19th and 20th century pamphlets relating broadly to African American religion and politics.” The site allows the user to browse pamphlets by subject including pamphlets with an African American author, publisher, or illustrator. Under “About” are links to other collections of African American pamphlets. (Source: Emory University)
Satchmo.net - The Official Site of the Louis Armstrong House and Archives This site is dedicated to preserving the legacy of Louis Armstrong. Biographical information about Armstrong is included on the site as well as information about visiting the Louis Armstrong House and the archives, which are located at Queens College in Queens, New York (Source: Louis Armstrong House and Archives)
Virginia Black History Archives Virginia Black History Archives is a project at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Library’s Special Collections and Archives department. The site includes a list of manuscript collections related to African Americans in Richmond or central Virginia, a history of African Americans at VCU, and much more. (Source: James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University)
W.E.B. Du Bois Papers This site offers online access to a catalog guide of the W.E.B. Du Bois Papers housed at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Microfilm copies of the papers are available at various universities, all of which are listed on the site. Included is a sample of the W.E.B. Du Bois exhibit with captioned photographs and biographical essays. Also featured is information on hosting the Du Bois traveling exhibit. (Source: University of Massachusetts – Amherst)

READ ABOUT US!

~Bibliography of Books

africanamericanhistory

Assorted Books for African American History Month

TITLES ONLY

BELOW

Teen and Adult Books

Jazz by Toni Morrison

The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison

The Color of Water by James McBride

Juneteenth by Ralph Ellison

Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison

Eyes on the Prize - America's Civil Rights Years: A Reader and Guide by Clayborne Carson

Native Son by Richard Wright

The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley

Black Voices by Abraham Chapman

Women, Race and Class by Angela Davis

Let the Trumpet Sound: A Life of Martin Luther King Jr by Stephen B. Oates

Bearing the Cross by Martin Luther King Jr.

The Heart of a Woman by Maya Angelou

The Sixteenth Round by Rubin Carter

King of the World by David Remnick

Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston

Soul on Ice by Eldridge Cleaver

And the Walls Came Tumbling Down by Ralph David Abernathy

The 7th Child by Malcolm X

The Death and Life of Malcolm X by Peter Goldman

The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr by Martin Luther King Jr.

Black Genius and the American Experience by Dick Russell

Martin Luther King, Jr...to the Mountaintop by Wm.Roger Witherspoon

Blues for Mister Charlie by James Baldwin

When Harlem Was In Vouge by David Levering Lewis

Sula by Toni Morrison

Playing in the Dark by Toni Morrison

The Color Purple by Alice Walker

Dreamer by Charles Johnson

Saint Paul

Days of Rondo by Evelyn Fairbanks

Voices of Rondo by Kateleen Jill Hope Cavett

Folktales/Folklore

Nelson Mandela's Favorite African Folktales by Nelson Mandela

Her Stories: The African-American Folktales, Fairytales and True Tales by Virginia Hamilton

Ashley Bryan's African Tales, uh-huh by Ashley Bryan

The People Could Fly: American Black Folktales by Virginia Hamilton

Dark Thirty: Southern Tales of the Supernatural by Patricia McKissack

The Days When the Animals Talked: Black American Folktales and How They Came To Be by William Faulkner

When Birds Could Talk and Bats Could Sing by Virginia Hamilton

John Henry by Julius Lester

Tales of Uncle Remus: The Adventures of Brer Rabbit by Julius Lester

Freedom Riddle by Angela Medearis

Lucky Jack and the Giant: An African-American Legend by Janet Johnson

Keelboat Annie: An African-American Legend by Janet Johnson

Brer Rabbit and the Tar Baby: An African-American Legend by Janet Johnson

Organizations

North Carolina Legislative Black Caucus
In 1984, the caucus was formally organized to promote legislative policies and actions responsive to the African-American community and all North Carolinians.
http://www.nclegblackcaucus.com/index.php
North Carolina Black Leadership Caucus
Organized in 1976, the NCBLC is a nonpartisan association of community members throughout the state devoted to promoting social justice and economic self-sufficiency for all.
http://www.ncblackleadershipcaucus.com
African-American Dance Ensemble
Based in Durham, the nationally recognized dance ensemble seeks to preserve and share the finest traditions of African and African-American dance and music through research, education and entertainment.
http://www.africanamericandanceensemble.org
North Carolina Black Repertory Company-National Black Theater Festival
First profession black theater company in the state, founded by Larry Leon Hamlin. The Company is universally recognized for its artistic and administrative achievement and its international outreach program, the National Black Theatre Festival.
http://www.nbtf.org/
YMI Cultural Center
Formally known as the Young Men's Institute, built in 1893 by George Vanderbilt for the young black men of Asheville. Community-based, non-profit organization devoted to promoting cultural and economic well being of minority and low-income people in Western North Carolina.
http://www.ymicc.org
Association for the Study of African-American Life and History
Established in 1915, the ASALH are recognized as the "Founders of Black History Month" under the leadership of its founder Dr. Carter G. Woodson, also known as the "Father of Black History". Their mission is to promote , research, preserve, interpret and disseminate information about Black life, history and culture to the global community.
http://www.asalh.org/
NAACP
Founded 1909, the NAACP is the nation's oldest, largest and most-widely recognized grassroots-based civil rights organization. The organization has more than half-million supporters worldwide and are the premier advocates for civil rights in their communities, conducting voter mobilization and monitoring equal opportunity in the public and private sectors.
http://www.naacp.org/home/index.htm
National Urban League
Founded in 1910, the Urban League is a historic civil rights organization dedicated to economic empowerment in order to elevate the standard of living in historically underserved urban communities.
http://www.nul.org/

Web Hosting by Yahoo!

Charlotte, NC 28215
groundergamer1@yahoo.com